In this Unit ... we are going to focus on one form of Energy: ELECTRICITY
What is electricity?
The electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge.
Electricity is a type of energy that can build up in one place or flow from one place to another.
The electricity that builds up in one place is known as static electricity.
The electricity that moves from one place to another is called current electricity.
It’s made up of electrons.
Where does it come from?
Electricity comes from different energy sources such as power stations, wind turbines, solar energy, batteries, hydropower energy, fossil fuels, gas, oil, coal…
How does it work?
When electrons move from one place to another, round a circuit, they carry electricity from place to place.
Electricity can travel through something when its structure allows electrons to move through it easily.
For electricity to flow, there has to be an electromotive force to push the electrons along. A battery creates the electromotive force that makes a current of electrons flow.
What is an ATOM?
The smallest particle in the matter is called ATOM.
What are the parts of an Atom?
Atoms are made up of protons (+) and neutrons (no charge) inside a nucleus and electrons (-) moving around the nucleus.
If an object has the same number of protons and electrons it is electrically neutral, they do not attract.
But if we rub a pen against a cloth, the pen will be negatively charged and the cloth will be positively charged. Hair is positively charged and the balloon negatively, so both objects attract.
But if we rub a pen against a cloth, the pen will be negatively charged and the cloth will be positively charged. Hair is positively charged and the balloon negatively, so both objects attract.
If both objects are charged negatively they repel.
Static electricity is a form of electricity that doesn’t flow (electrical storms).
Current electricity: is the movement of electrons from one object to another.
Insulators: materials that are more resistant to the movement of electrons. They do not let energy pass through.
Conductors: materials that let the energy flow.
Electrical circuit
An electrical circuit has the following parts:
A power source or battery that provides the energy
Wires to conduct electricity
A switch: opens and closes the circuit.
A resistor or bulb changes electricity into different forms of energy in this case, light.
Electricity and inventions
Thomas Edison, US inventor of the 19th century. He improved the telegraph machine, the phonograph for recording sound, the carbon microphone used in telephones and the light bulb.
He also worked on motion pictures cameras, car batteries and many other inventions (almost 1000 inventions).
He also worked on motion pictures cameras, car batteries and many other inventions (almost 1000 inventions).
Nikola Tesla
He was an inventor, mechanical engineer and electrical engineer. It is known above all for its numerous inventions in the field of electromagnetism. He invented many things, for example, the asynchronous motor.
(Smiljan,(which is currently in Croatia), July 10, 1856 – New York, January 7, 1943)
André Marie Ampère
He was a French mathematician and physicist. He invented the first electric telegraph, also he invented the electromagnet with François Arago.
(Lyon, January 20, 1775 – Marseille, June 10, 1836)
Among other inventors.
1800 Alessandro Volta developed the first battery.
1831: Michael Faraday developed the theory of electromagnetic induction for electrical generators.
1876: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
1879: Thomas Edison patented the light bulb.
1894: Guglielmo Marconi patented the radio transmitter, beginning of the radio.
1926: John Logie Baird invented the TV, first only in black and white.
1936: Alan Turing made the design of the first computer.
1973: Martin Cooper made the first mobile phone.
Comments
Post a Comment